铁路隧道排水方法与工程实践

为解决隧道洞身施工及运营过程中可能遇到的排水问题,以叙永至毕节铁路、西安至成都高铁、改建成都至昆明铁路隧道工程为工程依托,采用理论分析与工程实践相结合的方法,对隧道洞身排水设计方法进行总结分析。研究结果表明,隧道洞身排水应根据不同环境条件进行设计,基于不同环境条件,提出5种排水系统设计方法,分别为盲管+沟槽排水方法、侧沟连接排水方法、集水廊道排水方法、过水涵洞排水方法及泄水洞排水方法。盲管+沟槽排水方法适用于一般地段,侧沟连接与集水廊道排水方法适用于地下水单侧集中出水地段,过水涵洞排水方法适用于隧底施工揭示岩溶过水通道地段,泄水洞排水方案适用于隧道沟槽排水能力不能满足需求的地下水强烈发育地段。5种排水方法各有优缺点,隧道排水设计应根据环境条件、投资大小、排水效果等综合比较,选择其中最合适的排水方案。

Research and Practice of Drainage Design Method for Railway Tunnel

In order to solve the drainage problems that may occur during the construction and operation of tunnel, the Xuyong-Bijie Railway, Xi’an-Chengdu High-speed Railway and Chengdu-Kunming Renovation Railway are taken as the engineering study cases. The drainage design methods of tunnel body are summarized and analyzed by combining theoretical analysis with engineering practice. The results show that tunnel body drainage should be designed according to different environmental conditions. Based on that, five drainage system design methods are proposed, which are blind pipe+groove drainage method, side ditch connection drainage method, catchment gallery drainage method, culvert drainage method and drainage tunnel drainage method. The drainage method of blind pipe and trench is suitable for general areas, the drainage methods of side ditch connection and catchment corridor are suitable for areas where groundwater is concentrated unilaterally, the overflow culvert drainage method is suitable for the area where karst overflow passage is revealed by tunnel bottom construction, and the overflow tunnel is suitable for the area where groundwater drainage capacity of tunnel trench can not meet the need of strong groundwater development. Each of the five drainage methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. Tunnel drainage design should choose the most suitable drainage scheme according to the comprehensive comparison of environmental conditions, investment size and drainage effect.