基于运营性能的高速铁路大跨度桥梁健康管理探讨

面向我国高速铁路大跨度桥梁结构特点和管养现状,研究提出基于运营性能的高速铁路大跨桥梁健康管理总体思路。通过高速轨检车轨道几何周期巡检结果和有砟道床捣固指数,建立基于灰度理论的捣固指数预测模型,为桥区有砟轨道线路养修提供依据。基于健康监测数据,分别引入ARMA模型、神经网络法及三分之一倍频程谱方法对桥梁结构整体状态实时预警。提出梁端伸缩装置和大吨位支座桥梁关键部位专项监测技术,构建了基于钢轨横向偏移量和伸缩装置疲劳应力变幅的梁端伸缩装置评定方法,以及基于累积位移的支座耐久性预测与评估方法。研发了基于BIM的大跨度桥梁故障预测与健康管理系统,提出了桥梁状态分层分级评估方法,融合多源数据进行历史趋势分析、故障诊断与预测,为实现高速铁路大跨度桥梁健康管理奠定了基础。

Discussion on Health Management of High Speed Railway Long-span Bridges Based on Operation Performance

Faced with the structural characteristics and maintenance status of high speed railway long-span bridges in China,this paper proposed a general idea about health management of high speed railway long-span bridges based on operation performance.Based on the results of the track geometric periodic inspection of high speed track inspection car and the ballast tamping index of ballast track,a tamping index prediction model based on gray theory was established to provide a basis for the maintenance of ballasted track in the bridge area.Based on the health monitoring data,ARM A model,neural network method,and one-third-octave spectrum method were introduced to provide real-time early warning of the overall state of the bridge structure.Special monitoring technologies for key parts of bridge expansion and contraction installation and large-tonnage support bridges were proposed.A method for evaluating bridge expansion device based on the lateral displacement of the track and the fatigue stress amplitude was constructed.And the durability prediction and evaluation method of the bearing based on cumulative displacement was also proposed.The Prognostics and Health Management system based on BIM technology was developed,and a hierarchical assessment method for bridge states was proposed.Multi-source data were integrated for historical trend analysis,fault diagnosis and prediction,facilitating health management of high speed railway long-span bridge.