高速铁路钢轨服役状态及病害整治研究

对多条典型高速铁路钢轨服役状态进行调研,分析多发性病害产生原因及其整治对策,总结钢轨养护维修现状与经验。结果表明:目前我国高速铁路钢轨的服役状态良好,钢轨主要伤损形式为焊接接头伤损及钢轨擦伤;焊接接头伤损多与现场焊接质量有关;高速铁路钢轨的擦伤多为工程车造成的;各铁路局均能按规定完成钢轨探伤、外观及表面伤损检查工作,钢轨维护满足运营需要。建议高速铁路小半径曲线区段采用在线热处理钢轨,根据线路实际情况选择钢种;加强现场钢轨焊接质量监管,防止工程车对钢轨造成擦伤;按通过总质量和使用状态制定钢轨打磨周期,定期进行钢轨廓形的检测。

Study on Rail Service Status and Disease Treatment of Rail for High Speed Railway

This paper investigated the service status of rails on several typical high speed railways,analyzed the causes of multiple diseases and their countermeasures,and summarized the status and experience of rail maintenance and repair.The results show that at present,the rail of high speed railway in China is in good service status,and the main forms of rail damage are welding joint damage and rail scratch.The damage of welding joint is mostly related to the welding quality,and the rail scratch of high speed railway is mostly caused by engineering vehicles.All railway administrations can complete the rail flaw detection,the inspection of appearance and surface damage according to the regulations,and the rail maintenance meets the operation needs.It is suggested that the on-line heat-treated rail should be used in the small radius curve section of high speed railway,and the steel grade should be selected according to the actual situation of the railway.The on-site rail welding quality supervision should be strengthened to prevent the engineering vehicle from causing rail scratch.The rail grinding cycle should be formulated according to the total quality and service status,and the rail profile should be detected regularly.