京张高铁八达岭隧道及地下站活塞风效应研究

为分析高铁隧道及地下车站活塞风效应,采用经三维CFD数值模拟验证后的一维数值模拟计算方法,建立京张高铁八达岭隧道及半高安全门地下车站通风网络模型,计算不同工况下进出站人行通道风速,并评估通道内人员安全性。结果表明:一维数值模拟方法能准确预测咽喉区气流分布及通道风速;列车正常运营产生的活塞风直接影响站内气流,进出站人行通道内风速最高可达8.3 m/s;风速最大负值出现在两个区间分别有列车往隧道外以最大速度行驶时,风速最大正值出现在两个区间分别有列车以最大速度进站并在车站附近会车时;单车越行和两车会车时,通道内最高风速分别可达4.6 m/s和7.6 m/s;通过人员安全性分析,得到本模拟计算的通道内最大风速8.3 m/s在安全范围内,只是部分人员感觉不舒适。研究结果可用于高铁地下站通风系统的安全和舒适设计。

Study on Piston Effect of Badaling Tunnel and Underground Station of Beijing-Zhangjiakou High-speed Railway

In order to study the piston effect of high-speed railway tunnel and underground station, the one-dimensional numerical simulation method validated by the three-dimensional CFD simulation is used to establish the ventilation model of Badaling Tunnel and underground station of Beijing-Zhangjiakou High-speed Railway. Air velocity in the passage of underground station is calculated and the safety of the personnel in the passage is assessed. The results show that the one-dimensional method is accurate to predict the air distribution at the tunnel throat and air velocity in the passage. The piston wind generated by the running train directly influences the air flow in the station, and the air velocity in the passage can go up to 8.3 m/s. The negative peak value occurs when two trains leave the station in opposite directions at the maximum speed, while the positive peak value occurs when two trains come into the station and meet near the station at the maximum speed. When one single train passes through the tunnel or two trains meet in the tunnel, the maximum air velocity in the passage can reach up to 4.6 m/s and 7.6 m/s respectively. The analysis of passenger safety shows that the maximum air velocity of 8.3 m/s in the passage is within the safe range, and only some passengers may feel uncomfortable. Results in this paper facilitate the safety and comfort design of ventilation system of the underground station of high-speed railway.