低浓度表面活性剂减阻流体的性能

  目的  为了短时提高水炮的射程与流量，提出在水炮系统中采用添加剂湍流减阻技术。  方法  首先，通过圆管海水湍流减阻实验验证典型减阻添加剂对于海水系统同样有效；其次，建立水炮系统水力学模型；最后，提出一种两级减阻剂夹缝筛孔自动注入系统，在水炮系统运行过程中，减阻剂搅拌/注入交替进行，利用柱塞泵伴随添加相应流量的减阻剂。  结果  模拟研究表明，系统能够在15 min效用强化期内使水炮射程增加约20%，流量增加约8%。  结论  基于添加剂湍流减阻技术可实现水炮系统“兴奋剂”强化，具有良好的应用潜力。

Drag reduction by additives

  Objectives  In order to increase the range and flow rate of the water cannon system, drag reduction additive was introduced.  Methods  Firstly, the experimental results showed that the typical drag reduction additive was also effective for seawater system. Secondly, the hydraulic model of the water cannon system was established. Finally, an automatic two-stage drag reducer injection system with slotted sieve holes was put forward. During the operation of the water cannon system, the mixing and injection of the drag reducer was carried out alternately, and the plunger pump was used to add the drag reducer with the corresponding flow.  Results  The simulation studies show that the additives can increase the range of the water cannon by about 20% and increase the flow rate by about 8% during 15 minutes utility enhancement period.  Conclusions  Turbulent drag reduction by surfactant additives can improve the range and flow rate of water cannon for a short time with great application potential for the law enforcement vessel.