集装箱船舱口角隅应力集中系数的有限元分析的精度

集装箱船舱口角隅的应力集中是船舶结构强度的一个重要问题。随着有限元技术的发展，目前舱口角隅的应力集中系数大都可以通过有限元计算直接获得。由于有限元分析过程中存在着大量不确定性，通过控制其有限元分析各个步骤的质量来保证有限元分析的精度，已经成为一个重要的研究方向。本文利用现有有限元分析软件（ABAQUS），通过对不同模型简化方法的讨论，给出了正确计算舱口角隅结构应力集中系数的模型简化方法，并在此基础上讨论了网格尺度对应力集中系数的影响。

Study of Precision of Finite Element Analysis on Stress Concentration Factor of Container Ship Hatch Corner

Generally, the stress concentration factor (SCF) of the hatch corner can be obtained by the direct calculation method or experimental measurement. With the rapid development of finite element technology, the finite element method is widely used in the structural stress analysis field. However, as it is well known, there are a large number of uncertainties in the processes of finite element analysis (FEA). Due to the difference of hypothesis and modeling process, the finite element results may vary greatly for the same problem by different organizations or analyzers. It has therefore been an important task for engineers to guarantee the precision of FEA by controlling the quality of every step. In this article, the precision of different modeling methods is of great concern. The general rules for model simplification are summarized. Five simplified models are developed using the existing finite element software ABAQUS, which are combined plate model with stiffeners, combined plate model without stiffeners, 3 D structure model with stiffeners, simplified 3 D truss model and 2 D deck plane model respectively. The calculated SCF results of these five models are compared with that of the experiments, and the reasonable model simplification methods for calculating the SCF of the hatch corner are presented accordingly. Moreover, mesh design is also the key process of FEA. In this article, the influence of different ratios of mesh length/breadth on SCF is also discussed and the reasonable length/breadth range for mesh design is brought forward. All the results of this paper will serve as a guide for the stress concentration factor calculation of this kind of hatch corner of container ships.