高速列车头车外形结构优化风洞试验研究

我国最新一代高速列车为CRH380A,最高运营时速为350 km/h。现以500 km/h的高速列车为研究背景,对CRH380A高速列车头车外形结构进行优化,在中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所的8 m×6 m风洞中对四种不同优化方案的高速列车头车的气动特性及其对有限编组列车气动性能的影响进行试验研究。试验结果表明:当侧偏角为0°时,在35～70 m/s的试验风速范围内,风速的变化对头型NEW-A的气动特性的影响很小;当侧偏角不变时,模型NEW-A的头车、中间车和尾车气动阻力最小,4种头型当中NEW-A头型的空气动力性能最好。

Wind tunnel test investigation on the shape optimization of head car of the high speed train

The latest generation high-speed train in our country is CRH380A,and the highest operation speed is 350 km/h.Now under the background of the 500 km/h high-speed train,the structure of the head car of the CRH380A high-speed train was optimizated,and then the wind tunnel test of train model was done in the 8 m×6 m wind tunnel in low-speed aerodynamic institute of China Aerodynamics Research & Development Center,which the aerodynamic characteristics of four different head cars’ and tail car’s shape of high speed train were studied.The results show that when side-slip angle is 0 ° and the test wind speed is 35-70 m/s,the change of the wind speed has little effect on the NEW-A type’s aerodynamic characteristics.When side-slip angle is under the condition of invariable,the drag of the head car,intermediate car and tail car head of NEW-A’s are minimal.The aerodynamic characteristics of NEW-A type is the best among the four head cars.