上海市公交专用车道发展困境与对策

建设公交专用车道、提高公共交通服务水平是缓解城市交通拥堵的主要手段，也是落实公交优先战略的重要措施。尽管上海市公交专用车道的建设里程不断增加，但是公共汽车运行效果和服务水平并未得到明显改善，未来公交专用车道的选线、建设难度也不断增加。对上海市公交专用车道的运行效果进行评估，分析其发展困境，进而以提高公共汽车运行效果和服务水平为核心，提出公交专用车道的四大选线原则：以客流需求为根本、突破既有道路条件限制、网络化与局部节点兼顾、近期建设优先选择无轨道交通服务的客流通道。最后，提出公交专用车道设置条件标准，以及以系统化、精细化为核心的保障措施建议。

Chal enges and Strategies for Exclusive Bus Lane in Shanghai

Developing exclusive bus lane and improving level of service of public transit are not only a pri-mary approach to relieve traffic congestion, but also an important strategy to implement public transporta-tion priority. Even though exclusive bus lane mileage in Shanghai has been increased in recent years, opera-tion efficiency and level of service of exclusive bus lane are still unconvinced. Moreover, selection and de-velopment of future exclusive bus lanes are more challengeable. This paper evaluates performance for ex-isting exclusive bus lanes in Shanghai, and further illustrates a couple of dilemmas ahead of Shanghai. Fi-nally, the paper proposes principles of exclusive bus lane selection, criteria of developing bus lane, and safeguard measures for exclusive bus lane performance and level of service improvement.