昆仑山隧道渗漏水原因探讨及治理

通过现场连通试验,对青藏线昆仑山隧道渗漏水的水源、流径进行了试验研究。结果证明,造成渗漏水的主要原因是隧道结构周围存在融化圈,解冻后使衬砌外侧积聚承压水,在寒季冻结又产生巨大冻胀力,对隧道混凝土结构及防水板接缝产生破坏,形成出水通道;而且排水系统只能季节性排水。提出二号冲沟采取截、排、降,及延长冲沟地表帷幕注浆的范围,洞内水沟采暖,洞内回填注浆的治理方案。借助地质雷达等手段进行效果检测表明,治理达到了预期效果。

Study on Waterproof Treatment and Causes for Leakage Water of Kunlun Mountain Tunnel

By in-situ connectivity experiment, test studies were carried out on the source and flow pathway of the leakage water of Kunlun Mountain tunnel on Qinghai-Tibet railway line. Results demonstrate that the main reason causing leakage water is the thaw around the tunnel structure. After ice-out, confined water stores up outside the lining. During cold season, it is frozen up again and produces great frost heaving force. In this way, it does great damage to both tunnel concrete structure and the joint of waterproof board. Water outlet channel is thus formed. Drainage system can drain off water but just seasonal. Treatment plan is put forward for No. 2 gully, namely, underground water will be blocked, drained and lowered, the area of grouting curtain on the surface of No. 2 gully will be enlarged; the drain ditches in the tunnel will be heated and it is backfilled grouting in the tunnel. Inspection was done by geological radar which indicates the treatment has achieved the expected effects.