交通活动对道路两侧土壤中重金属含量的影响

道路上的车辆是导致道路两侧土壤污染的主要因素。在这些污染物中,以重金属对土壤的污染受到人们最为广泛的关注。车辆的排放物是导致道路两侧土壤重金属污染与积累的重要原因,这些排放物包括：汽油中铅的化合物、润滑油的燃烧、汽车轮胎与道路的磨擦产生的微尘、刹车里衬的机械磨损等。同时,道路所处的自然环境,如地形地貌、降水量、日照量、季风等也决定了这些重金属在道路两侧的累积程度和分布格局。此外,道路上车辆的主要类型、车流量的大小也对土壤中重金属含量有较大的影响。总的来说,道路两侧土壤中的重金属呈带状分布于道路两侧,且含量随距离的增加呈指数形式下降。

Transport Activities Impacton Heavy Metals in Road Sides Soil

Vehicles are the main factors polluting roadside soil.Among these pollutants,heavy metal in the soil has attracted people’ s most attention.Vehicle emissions are the major reasons causing heavy metal pollution and accumulation in roadside soil and these emissions include:lead compounds in gasoline,lubricating oil combustion,dust produced by tire-road friction,mechanical wear of brake lining and so on.Meanwhile,the natural environment of the road,such as topography,precipitation,sunshine amount,and monsoon etc,also determines the degree of heavy metals accumulation and distribution pattern on both sides of the road.Moreover, the main types of vehicles on the road and the traffic volume also have great impact on heavy metal content in the soil.In general, heavy metals in roadside soil have strip-shaped distributions along both sides of the road,the concentrations decreasing exponentially with increasing distance from the road edge.