基于换道决策机理的多车道元胞自动机模型

在探索机动车驾驶换道决策机理，分析影响驾驶员换道决策内外因子的基础上，提出了以内部因子为决策变量，外部因子为约束条件的机动车多车道换道模型，并将其引入一维改进舒适驾驶元胞自动机模型，形成基于换道决策机理的多车道元胞自动机模型.不同V/C条件下该元胞自动机模型的运行分析表明：换道驾驶行为会导致自身及周边车辆的加减速、匀速、怠速等运行工况发生变化；不同的内外因子导致车流平均换道次数不同，车流平均速度的波动规律也不同.本文提出的多车道换道模型描述决策机理清晰，能同时描述多个内外因子的共同作用，具有很好的适应性与扩展性.

Multilane Cellular Automaton Model Based on the Lane-changing Mechanism

Based on exploring the driver’s lane-changing decision mechanism and analyzing internal and external factors of driver’s lane-changing decision, a multilane-changing model, which takes internal factors as decision variable and external factors as constraint condition, is developed. A modified multi-lane cellular automaton model based on lane-changing mechanism is formed by introducing this multilane-changing model into the one-dimensional comfortable driving cellular automaton model. The operation analysis under different V/C conditions of this cellular automaton model shows driver’s lane-changing behavior should lead vehicle’s working conditions about itself and surrounding vehicles to change, such as acceleration, deceleration, uniform speed and idle speed, etc.; different internal and external factors should not only lead average lane-changing number to difference, but also lead fluctuation of the average speed to difference. This multilane-changing model describes lane-changing decision mechanism clearly; and describes common effect of multiple internal and external factors also, has good adaptability and expansibility.