RFID技术在列车高精度定位中的应用

在CBTC(基于通信的列车控制)系统中,列车定位的精确性是保证列车安全高效运行的前提,而基于RFID(radio frequency identification,无线射频识别)的列车定位技术,是提供高精度列车定位的技术条件。从电子标签、读写器、系统高层3方面对RFID技术工作原理进行阐述,并介绍基于不同设计标准的RFID铁路应答器的技术指标及工作原理;分析影响列车定位精度的列车位置不确定性产生的3种因素(测速误差、轮径误差和应答器校正误差),提出通过RFID铁路应答器消除列车位置不确定性,提高列车精确定位的方法,并通过实测数据,验证RFID技术高精度定位的可行性,即在不同行车速度下,RFID技术均能准确完成列车定位,RFID应答器响应时间均在0.2 s以内,实际定位误差均未超过测量值的2%,可以满足轨道交通中低速CBTC列车辅助定位的需求。

Application of RFID Technology in CBTC Train Location System

In the communication-based train control (CBTC) system,the train locating accuracy is the premise for safe and efficient operation,and the train locating technology in view of RFID provides the technical conditions for high accuracy of train locating.In terms of the working principle of RFID technology,the paper introduces the technical indicators and the working principle of RFID railway transponder with different design standards,mainly analyzes three factors influencing the uncertain train location:speed measurement error,wheel diameter error and reactor correcting error,and puts forward the method of eliminating the train location uncertainty by RFID transponder to improve the train locating accuracy.At last,the feasibility of high precision location of RFID technology is verified by the site data.RFID technology can guarantee the train locating accuracy under different train running speeds.The response time of RFID transponder is less than 0.2 second,and the error of train locating is no more than 2％ of the measured values,which can meet the auxiliary train locating requirements with CBTC for medium and low operation speeds of rail transit.