基于差动电容和变压器电桥的陀螺转子偏移测量研究与影响因素分析

利用超导体的Meissner效应实现转子悬浮的超导陀螺转子会因为各种原因而偏离球腔中心,准确测得转子的偏移并使转子稳定在球腔中心,成为实现陀螺转子超导支承的关键。文章首次提出了基于差动电容传感器与变压器电桥的超导陀螺转子的偏移测量方案并给出了各参数之间的关系,该方案能同时测量出转子偏移的大小和转子偏移的方向。然后着重分析了影响陀螺转子偏移测量精度的因素并给出了各种因素综合影响实例的仿真结果,指出差动电容传感器的分布电容、陀螺转子的零电位、模型误差等是影响测量精度的主要因素,提出了降低不利影响的方法和模型适应范围,从而使输出电压与转子偏移量间呈较好的线性关系。

Study on the SCG Rotor''''s Drift Measurement Based on Differential Capacitance and Transformer Bridge and Analysis of Its Effecting Factors

The levitated superconducting gyroscope (SCG) rotor based on the Meissner effect of superconductive materials may deviate from the center of spherical cavity for various reasons. To measure rotor's drift correctly and then to keep rotor in cavity center are the key to realize rotor's magnetic levitation. The SCG rotor's drift measurement scheme based on the spherical differential capacitance sensors and the transformer bridge, and the relationship of parameters are presented in the paper. This scheme can simultaneously measure the magnitude and the direction of rotor's drift. The factors that affect the SCG rotor's drift measurement precision are analyzed and the simulation results of the effects of these factors on actual system is given as well. It is proved that the distributed capacities of these differential capacitance sensors, the zero potential of rotor and the model error are the major negative factors. The methods to eliminate these negative factors or the adaptation range of the model to ensure linearity relationship between output voltage and rotor's drift are presented.