大跨桥梁主梁涡激振动研究进展与思考

大跨桥梁主梁涡激振动与控制属桥梁工程核心技术难题,亦为桥梁抗风设计理论有待深入解决的关键科学问题。为推动大跨桥梁主梁涡振理论与应用研究的进一步发展,系统梳理国内外针对该问题的最新进展与前沿热点。首先总结现场实测、风洞试验、计算流体力学及理论分析4种常用研究手段及其适用条件,然后从主梁断面涡振驱动机理、涡振影响因素、三维全桥涡振计算方法及主梁涡振控制4部分回顾国内外最新研究进展,最后从试验与测试技术、理论分析、主梁涡振控制3个角度探讨大跨桥梁主梁涡振研究的发展趋势。结果表明：大跨桥梁主梁涡振研究在流体-结构耦合特性模拟、三维全桥涡振性能预测、实桥涡振控制等方面尚存在一些技术难题有待进一步探索;近年来围绕新型观测设备和试验技术、高精度气动力降阶模拟和人工智能手段、主动气动控制措施和新型被动机械措施方面出现了一些新的发展趋势,有较大的细化和深入研究的空间。

Review and Reflection on Vortex-induced Vibration of Main Girders of Long-span Bridges

Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of bridge girders and its control are major concerns for bridge engineers and are key scientific problems to be investigated. To further promote the theoretical and applied studies on VIV of bridge decks, previous research on the state-of-the-art progress and development tendencies regarding this topic are systematically reviewed in the present study. First, common-used research techniques including field measurement, wind tunnel tests, computational fluid dynamics, and theoretical analysis are summarized. Then, state-of-the-art progress regarding the triggering mechanisms of VIV, its influencing factors, analysis methods for prototype bridges, and VIV control countermeasures are systematically reviewed, and the existing research limitations are emphasized. Finally, several development tendencies on this topic in the aspects of innovative test equipment and techniques, high-precision reduced-order modeling (ROM) and artificial intelligence methods as well as active aerodynamic or novel-type passive-control devices are discussed. Future works urgent to be improved are also pointed out. The above reviews emphasize that there are still some technical problems remain for further investigation in the study of bridge girder VIVs, such as the modeling of fluid-structure interaction during VIV, the prediction and control of VIV performance of the prototype bridge with accepted accuracy and effectiveness. Further research is needed on these topics.