External costs of electric vehicles |
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Institution: | 1. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Industrial Production (IIP), Chair of Energy Economics, Hertzstr. 16, Building 06.33, D-76187 Karlsruhe, Germany;2. Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (Fraunhofer ISI), Breslauer Strasse 48, D-76139 Karlsruhe, Germany;1. Centre for Energy and Environmental Markets (CEEM), and School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications (EE&T), UNSW, Australia;2. Tinbergen Institute/VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | Electric vehicles (EV) are often considered a promising technology to decrease external costs of road transport. Therefore, main external cost components are estimated for EV and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV). These include costs of accidents, air pollution, climate change, noise, and congestion. All components are estimated over the product lifetime and, where appropriate, differentiated according to fuel type, vehicle size as well as emission location and time. The advantage of this differentiation is, however, compensated by high uncertainties of most cost estimates. Overall, the external costs of EV and ICEV do not differ significantly. Only for climate change, local air pollutants in congested inner-cities, and noise some advantageous effects can be observed for EV. The advantages depend strongly on the national electricity power plant portfolio and potentially also on the charging strategy. Controlled charging might allow for higher emission reductions than uncontrolled charging of EV. |
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Keywords: | External costs Environmental impact Electric vehicle Passenger car Internal combustion engine vehicle |
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