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Real world vehicle emissions: Their correlation with driving parameters
Institution:1. CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun, Uttrakhand 248005, India;2. Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Ichchhanath, Surat, Gujrat 395 007, India;1. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China;2. China Automotive Research and Technology Center, Tianjin 300162, PR China;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada;1. MOE Key Laboratory for Urban Transportation Complex Systems Theory and Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;2. College of Science and Technology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA;1. TFT lab., École de technologie supérieure, 1100 Notre-Dame W., Montréal H3C 1K3, Canada;2. STEPPE, École de technologie supérieure, 1100 Notre-Dame W., Montréal H3C 1K3, Canada
Abstract:Vehicular population in developing countries is expected to proliferate in the coming decade, centred on Tier II and Tier III cities rather than large metropolis. WLTP is being introduced as a global instrument for emission regulation to reduce gap between standard test procedures and actual road conditions. This work aims at quantifying and discernment of the gap between WLTC and real-world conditions in an urban city in a developing country on the basis of driving cycle parameters and simulated emissions for gasoline fuelled light passenger cars. Real world driving patterns were recorded on different routes and varying traffic conditions using car-chasing technique integrated with GPS monitoring and speed sensors. Real-world driving patterns and ambient conditions were used to simulate emissions using International Vehicle Emissions model for average rate (g/km) and Comprehensive Modal Emissions Model for instantaneous emission (g/s) analysis. Cycle parameters were mathematically calculated to compare WLTC and road trips. The analyses revealed a large gap between WLTC and road conditions. CO emissions were predicted to be 155% higher than WLTC and HC and NOx emissions were estimated to be 63% and 64% higher respectively. These gaps were correlated to different driving cycle parameters. It was observed that road driving occurs at lower average speeds with higher frequency and magnitudes of accelerations. The positive kinetic energy required by road cycles, was 100% higher than WLTC and the Relative Positive Acceleration (RPA) demanded by road cycles, was found to be 60% higher in real-world driving patterns and thereby contribute to higher emissions.
Keywords:Driving parameters  PKE  RPA  Real world emissions  IVE  CMEM  WLTC  MIDC
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