基于有限元分析的轻卡车架优化设计及其台架试验

结合某轻型卡车车架的开发工作，对车架进行有限元分析。首先应用HyperWorks软件，选择合理的单元类型进行车架网格划分、螺栓连接和焊接结构的模拟，建立带有驾驶室、车厢、各支架以及前后钢板弹簧悬架的较为完整的整车有限元模型，研究不同工况下的约束和载荷添加方式，并使用NX.Nastran求解出车架在不同工况下的应力分布。然后根据计算结果，对车架进行改进设计和轻量化设计，优化设计的车架比原设计重量减少了4.93%，且解决了强度不足的问题。最后，对车架样件进行弯曲工况下的应力试验，试验数据和有限元计算结果有较好的一致性。

Optimization Design and Bench Test on a Light-duty Truck Frame Based on FEMA

With the development of a light-duty truck frame, finite element analysis of the frame has been complet-ed by HyperWorks software, proper element types are chosen, the bolt connections and welding joints are simulated, a complete finite element model of the truck is built up including cabin, box, brackets, front and rear leaf spring sus-pensions. The methods are researched for adding the constraints and loads under different conditions, and the stress distribution on the frame is calculated with NX.Nastran under different conditions. According to the analysis results, the structure improvement and lightweight design on the frame parts are carried out, which makes the weight of frame reducing 4.93%, and makes the new frame meeting the strength requirement. Finally, under bending condition, the frame static stress-strain test has been processed. The test and finite element calculations date are in good agree-ment.