环境风对路堤上快运集装箱平车气动力性能影响

基于三维、定常、不可压Navier-Stokes方程和k-epsilon双方程湍流模型,采用FLUENT流场计算软件对环境风作用下铁路快运集装箱专用平车(简称集装箱平车)所受气动力进行数值模拟计算。分析列车在铁路路堤上运行时车速和风速对车辆气动性能的影响,得出车辆气动力与车速、风速之间的变化关系。研究结果表明,在环境风作用下,10 m路堤上运行的集装箱平车:1)迎风面处于较大的正压区内,背风面处于负压区内,集装箱平车的背风面、顶部以及底架附近,均有漩涡产生;2)风速为32 m/s、风向角为90°时,车辆所受横向力、升力和倾覆力矩均随着车速的增大而增大;3)车速为160 km/h、风向角为90°时,车辆所受横向力、升力和倾覆力矩随风速的增大而增大;其中倾覆力矩近似与风速的1.6次方成正比。

Influence of cross - wind on aerodynamic performances of high - speed container flat car running on embankment

Based on the three dimensional,steady and incompressible Navier-Stokes equation and k-epsilon turbulence model,FLUENT was adoptted to carry out numerical calculation of aerodynamic forces on special container flat wagon(container flat car for short)running on embankments in environmental winds.The influence of different train-speeds and wind-speeds on aerodynamic performance of container flat car was analyzed.The relationships between aerodynamic forces and train-speed well as wind-speed were obtained while the train was running on embankments.The results indicate that while the train is running on embankments in environmental winds: 1)there is a biggish positive pressure district in the windward side and negative one in the leeward side,vortexes near the leeward side and top of the containers as well as the underbed of the flatcar;2)lateral force,lift force and capsizal moment increase with the increase of train speed;3) with increase of wind speed,lateral force,lift force and capsizal moment increase,and capsizal moment is proportional to wind speed about 1.6.