Cluster analysis of the competitiveness of container ports in Brazil |
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| Institution: | 1. Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Department of Economics, Lourival Melo Mota Avenue, Cidade Universitária, Campus A. C. Simões, 57.072-900 Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil;2. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Department of Economics, Economistas Avenue, 50.740-590 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil;1. Transportation Management College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning, China;2. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark;3. Centre for Sustainable Engineering Operations Management, Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark;1. University of Toulon, LEAD, 70 avenue Roger Devoucoux, 83000 Toulon, France;2. Kedge Business School, 680 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France;1. Inter-American Development Bank, Infrastructure and Environment Sector, 1300 New York Ave. NW, Washington, DC, United States;2. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Room 1-235, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States;3. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain |
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| Abstract: | The container cargo proportion of total maritime transport increased from 3% in 1980 to 16% in 2011. The largest Brazilian port, the port of Santos, is the 42nd largest container port in the world. However, Santos’ performance indicators are much lower than those of the world’s largest ports, so comparisons with them are difficult. This article focuses on the Brazilian container terminals that handled containers in 2009 and compares port competitiveness. This study classified seventeen Brazilian container terminals into three distinct groups based on the following competitiveness criteria: number of containers handled, berth length, number of berths, terminal tariffs (in US$), berth depth, rate of medium consignment (in containers/ship), medium board (containers/hour), average waiting time for mooring (in hours/ship), and average waiting time for load or unload cargo (in hours/ship). This classification used a hierarchical cluster analysis. The classification shows that the terminal of Tecon in the port of Santos has the best performance of all, while small terminals (<150,000 container units) are the worst performing terminals in Brazil. |
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| Keywords: | Cluster analysis Container terminal Brazilian ports Competitiveness Productivity Seaports |
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