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Fuel economy of hybrid-electric versus conventional gasoline vehicles in real-world conditions: A case study of cold cities in Quebec,Canada
Institution:1. Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada;2. Centre for Data and Analysis in Transportation (CDAT), Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada;3. Performance Innovation Transport (PIT), FPInnovations, Pointe-Claire, Canada;1. Department of Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, TX, 76019, USA;2. Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, TX, 76019, USA;2. Vologda State University, 15 Lenina str., Vologda, 160000, Russia
Abstract:This paper investigates the fuel efficiency of commercial hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and compares their performance with respect to standard gasoline vehicles in the context of cold Canadian urban environments. The effect of different factors on fuel efficiency is studied including road driving conditions (link type, city size), temperature, speed, cold-starts and eco-driving training. For this study, fuel consumption data at the link level in real-world conditions was used from a sample of 74 instrumented vehicles. From the study fleet, 21 vehicles were HEVs. Among other results, the beneficial fuel efficiency merits of hybrid vehicles were demonstrated with respect to gasoline cars, in particular at low speeds and in urban (city) environments. After controlling for other factors, sedan HEVs were 28% more efficient than sedan gasoline vehicles. However, the low temperatures (below 0 °C) observed regularly during winter season in the study cities were identified as a detrimental factor to fuel economy. In winter, the fuel efficiency of HEVs decrease about 20% with respect to summer. Other factors such as eco-driving training, city size, cold start and vehicle type were also found to be statistically significant.
Keywords:Fuel consumption rate  Hybrid electric vehicles  Temperature  Speed  Eco-driving
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