氨苯砜预防麻风病20年的观察研究

氨苯砜是治疗麻风病普遍应用的药物,其疗效早已肯定。鉴于麻风病的传染在家属中的发病率较高,又无合适的预防方法,为了加速控制麻风病的流行,寻找有效的预防方法。我们于1966年开始对陕西省麻风病高发区之一的城固县文川区两个乡病人家属口服氨苯砜1年,观察预防发病的效果。历时20年,获得了显著的效果。现将观察结果报告如后。

PREVENTION OF LEPROSY WITH DAPSONE IN THE PAST 20 YEARS

Two neighbour communes (townships), Chenggu, Shaanxi, were studied with respect to the use of oral dapsone for preventing leprosy. The incidence of leprosy was high, Conditions were virtually identical. All leprosy cases in the two communes were sent to local leprosaria before the study. Then 178 house—hold contacts were selected in random sampling in the Wenchuan communes as the chemoprophylactic group and 147 house-hold contacts were selected in the Mengying commune as controls, All of the 178 persons in prophylaxis were given oral dapsone for one year; no drug or placebo were given to the controls. The two communes had been observed for twenty years. One leprosy case occured in prophylaxis, and six developed among the controls. The difference in incidence per unit of personyear between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05), The effective index in the chemoprophylactic group was 7.5 times higher than in the controls. The incidence showed that the protection given by oral dapsone against leprosy was about 87.30% in prophylaxis. The preventive effect in the first ten years was better than in the latter ten years and the difference was satistically significant (P<0.05). The better preventive effect in multibaci llary house-hold contacts was compared with the other different types of contacts (P<0.05). These results indicated that dapsone can be used to decrease the incidence of leprosy in house-hold contacts, and the effect was apperent in the first ten years. Thereafter, it is suggested that the chemopropnylaxis can be repeated in ten years to preserve the prophylactic effect, and the main subjects should be the multibacillary leprosy house-hold contacts.