客运专线与既有线合理分工原则与优化模型

客运专线与平行既有线的合理分工及使用，对方便各类旅客出行和增加铁路运营效益有着直接的影响.本文综合分析了影响客运专线与既有线分工的社会因素和经济因素；基于福利经济学原理，论证了客运专线与既有线的合理分工应是一种帕累托的改进过程，合理方案应是实现帕累托最优状态.藉此，提出了兼顾效率与公平的合理分工基本原则.依据分工原则，运用定量优化理论建立了铁路运输收益和旅客收益最大化优化数学模型，并从优选思想与启发算法相结合的角度，提出相应的求解方法.

Station Level Transit Ridership Direct Estimation Model Based on Precise Land Use

The existing transit ridership models describe land use with indexes such as population, employment and land use area, these indexes can' t describe the diversity and complexity of land use development, thus make it difficult to reveal the influence mechanism of mixed land use on travel demand. This paper quantifies the precise land use characteristics of Beijing transit station catchment areas using POIs (points of interest) extract from an electronic map. Through the regression analysis of precise land use and transit station boarding volume, a direct ridership model is built based on the influence mechanism analysis of land use, traffic and location factors on transit ridership. Following validation shows the prediction accuracy of the proposed model meets expectation, reveals the strong correlation between land use and transit ridership.