道路路网景观生态影响研究现状

我国经济的高速发展导致道路路网大规模扩张,这会对自然景观和生态系统造成一定程度的破坏,突出表现为对大尺度景观生态格局的影响.对国内外有关路网对生态系统影响的研究进行了梳理,整理了国内外运用景观生态学方法对路网景观格局影响进行的相关研究,发现不同等级的道路对于生态环境各因子影响的范围存在差异,路网致使区域景观破碎度增加,而基于破碎化理论建立的路网优化模型能在一定程度上降低路网对景观生态的影响.因此,从景观生态角度分析道路路网的生态影响,对于维护生态环境的多样性和完整性具有重要的意义.

Research Status of Impact of Road Net on Ecological Landscape

The rapid development of economic in China leads to the dramatical expansion of road net, which will destroy the natural landscape and ecosystem to some extent, especially impact the landscape ecological pattern with large scale. Through collecting relevant research about the impact of road net on ecosystem at home and abroad, summing up the related researches on the effect of road net landscape pattern applying landscape ecology methods, it is found that the influencing scope of various levels of road on each factor of ecological environment are different, road net increases the fragment of regional landscape, and the road net optimization model based on fragment theory could mitigate the impact of road net on landscape. Therefore, analyzing the ecological influence of road net with the perspective of ecological landscape has important significance on maintaining the biodiversity and integrality of ecological environment.