海底、海面对水下航行体阻力影响的模型试验研究

文章针对水下航行体开展了不同距离的近海底、近海面的模型阻力试验研究,建立了模型试验及分析方法,获得了海底和海面对阻力的影响规律。模型试验表明:采用低速浅浸深试验方法完全可以达到分离近海面、近海底影响的试验目的;仅有自由表面影响存在时,当水下航行体航行在大于其艇长1/3的深度上时,在实际中可认为没有兴波阻力;仅考虑海底壁面影响,当水下航行体航行在距海底超过其1/4倍艇长的距离时就可以不再考虑海底的影响;同时存在自由表面和海底壁面影响时,要完全避免限制水域的干扰需要水下航行体潜深超过1/3倍艇长的同时,水下航行体距海底的距离不宜小于1/2倍的艇长。

Resistance test method on underwater vessel operating close to the bottom or the surface

The resistance model tests for an underwater vessel operating close to the bottom or near surface were carried out. In the tests the analytical methods were established and the rules on the additional resistance coefficients were achieved.The model tests prove that the additional resistance induced by surface and bottom could be obtained by a low-speed shallow-immersed test method. The model test results indicate that only when the underwater vessel submersed depth reaches 1/3 length, the sea-surface effects disappeared.When the distance between the underwater vessel and the seabed surpassed 1/4 length, the seabed could not effected the underwater vessel resistance.If considering the sea-surface and seabed synchronously, then the underwater vessel must navigate at a depth exceeding 1/3 length, at the same time the distance between the underwater vessel and the seabed should be 1/2 times the underwater vessel length at least.