基于熵权和 DEMATEL 的管制员疲劳风险因素分析

为了定量分析管制员疲劳风险因素,找出导致管制员疲劳的主要原因,进而有针对性地采取缓解疲劳的措施,从个人因素、环境因素、管理因素3个方面建立管制员疲劳风险指标体系.结合熵权法和决策实验与评价实验室方法(DEMATEL),构造熵权和 DEMATEL 模型,通过熵权法计算出各个指标对疲劳产生影响的熵权值,然后利用 DEMATEL 方法所确定的指标间的影响程度值来修正熵权值,求得组合权重,确定导致管制员疲劳的关键指标.同时根据 DEMATEL 方法归类原因因子和结果因子.结果表明,工作负荷、健康状况、睡眠状况和排班制度4个指标的组合权重值较大,为该管制单位的主要疲劳致因,其组合权重值分别为0.2042,0.1520,0.1469,0.1103;其中排班制度为结果因子,而工作负荷、健康状况以及睡眠状况为原因因子.熵权和 DEMATEL 模型为定量分析管制员的疲劳风险提供了参考价值,同时也为管制单位实施疲劳风险管理提供了方向. 

An Analysis on Risk Factors of Controller Fatigue Based on Entropy Weight Method and DEMATEL

The aim of this paper is to analyze fatigue factors of controllers quantitatively,and study the main rea-sons of controller′s fatigue and related fatigue relieving countermeasures.An index system of fatigue factors of controllers is established based on their personal,environmental,and managerial aspect.The method of Entropy Weight and deci-sion-making and trial evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL)are used together to develop a mathematical model where the entropy weight value is computed through the entropy weight method,and the impact level of indicators determined by DEMATEL method is used to change the entropy weight value.Then combination weight and essential factors leading to controller fatigue are developed.According to DEMATEL method,the causal factors (which affected by others)and the consequent factors (which affect others)are classified.The results show that the combination weight of workload,health status,shifting systems and sleep with higher weight value are the main reasons to controller fatigue,which is 0.204 2, 0.1 52 0,0.146 9 and 0.1 10 3 respectively.Shifting system is the consequent factor,workload,health and sleep status are the causal factors.The entropy and DEMATEL model not only provides a reference for quantitatively analysis of control-ler fatigue,but also points out the direction of implementing fatigue risk management in air traffic control organization.