交通运行指数的研究与应用综述

为了量化研究交通拥堵的特性,已提出多种不同的交通运行指数(TPI)模型,并在部分城市中得到了应用。分析了现有交通运行指数模型的机理、特征和主要参数。将现有模型分为2类:基于统计的宏观静态运行指数模型和基于实时数据的动态运行指数模型。其中,动态运行指数模型包括基于严重拥堵里程比的指数模型和基于出行时间比的指数模型。以北京市浮动车数据为基础,应用动态运行指数模型测算交通指数,对比分析了2种动态指数模型的一致性、差异性和敏感性。 

An Overview of Studies and Applications on Traffic Performance Index

In order to quantitatively analyze the characteristics of traffic congestions,different models of traffic per-formance index (TPI)have been developed and applied in several cities.This study first analyzes the mechanisms,charac-teristics,and basic parameters in current models of TPI.Then,divide these models into two categories:macroscopic static models based on statistics,and dynamic models based on real-time data.The dynamic models are further divided in-to two sub-categories:models based on mileage fraction of severe congestions,and models based on travel-time ratio.By estimating TPI,this study comparatively analyzes the consistency,differences,and the sensitivity of these two sub-cate-gories of dynamic models based on the floating car data collected in the City of Beijing.