“9·11”事件前后美国轨道交通的安全情况

2001年发生的"9·11"事件,不可逆转地改变了美国人对安全准备工作的内涵与认识。虽然新安保措施的着重点主要放在航空运输方面,但人们也更加注重陆地公共交通系统的安全形势,因为公众关注的焦点从"9·11"之前的私人财产犯罪转变为恐怖主义活动。然而,美国的铁路运营安全却被现实的情况所限制:当前紧缩的财政预算无法构建一个巨大的、均匀分级的保安网络。上述的两种形势相互作用,促使有关部门在"9·11"之后采取更为合理和实际的铁路安全措施,并由此催生了一些新方法来解决在根基上原本就脆弱的网络体系问题。交通安全部门和民间研究小组的结论是:对所有公共交通基础设施提供一整套安全设施是不必要的。

State of Pre- and Pos- 9/11 in U.S.Transit Security

The events of September 11th,2001 have irrevocably changed the course and understanding of security preparation in the United States.While the major emphasis of novel security implementations has been focused on airline systems,a great deal of focus has also been placed on the security situation of ground-based mass transportation systems.Importantly,the spotlight has shifted from a pre-9/11 focus on personal property crime to that of acts of terrorism.However,American rail security is inherently limited by budgetary constraints and the impracticality of equally securing a vast and hierarchical network.These two contextual situations have molded post-9/11 railway security into a more logical and realistic endeavor,and,coupled with the realization of the impossibility of providing complete deterrence capabilities,have bore innovative solutions to a fundamentally vulnerable network.