低噪声车轮阻尼控制的有限元分析

运用有限元分析方法,对采用表面阻尼处理技术制成的低噪声车轮进行阻尼控制分析,给出了结构损耗因子的计算公式。以国内标准车轮为对象,采用铝质约束层,提出在车轮的双面敷设约束型阻尼层、在车轮的单面完全敷设约束型阻尼层、在轮幅板两侧敷设约束型阻尼层和在轮辋下部两侧敷设约束型阻尼层等4种约束型阻尼设计方案,并利用有限元ANSYS软件对各方案进行模态及谐响应分析和对比,确定最佳阻尼设计方案。分析结果表明:采用表面阻尼处理技术制成的低噪声车轮有着良好的减振降噪效果;为在较宽的频率范围(100~5 000 Hz)内获得较好的减振降噪效果,综合经济、加工难易等因素,在车轮的单面完全敷设约束型阻尼层是较为合理的方案。

Finite Element Analysis of Low-Noise Wheel with Damping Control

The finite element analysis is conducted for the damping control of low-noise wheel,to which the technique of surface damping treatment has been applied.Computational formula for structure loss factor is deduced.By the use of the general software ANSYS,model analysis and harmonic response analysis are performed to four damping treatment design schemes.They are treatment on both sides of the web and under the rim,treatment on one side of the web and under the rim,treatment on both sides of the web and treatment on both sides under the rim.After contrasting the structure loss factors of the four damping design projects,the best project is presented.The research shows that the low-noise wheel has a good effect in reducing vibration and abating noise.In order to reach the better effect over a broad frequency range,laying the constrained damping layer on one side of the wheel surface is reasonable.