菏泽地区306例小儿急性病毒性肝炎临床及流行病学特征分析

目的　了解小儿急性病毒性肝炎 (简称急肝 )的病原类型及临床流行病学特征。方法　分别应用ELISA和PCR法对 30 6例急肝患儿的血清学标志及核酸进行测定。结果　甲、乙、丙、戊和未定型分别占 88 2 %、3 3%、2 9%、0 9%、2 9%。重叠感染率为 1 9 6 % ,重叠感染组与单独感染组相比较 ,两组ALT、AST、血清总胆红素及凝血酶元时间均无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。临床类型以黄疸型多见 (88 2 % ) ,重症型及淤胆型发生率较低 ,甲型中 31 1 %有不洁饮食史 ,乙型中均有与肝炎病人密切接触史 ,丙型中均有手术输血史。结论　菏泽地区小儿急肝仍以甲型最多 ,戊型最少 ,住院者多有黄疸 ,但重症肝炎发生率较低 ,预后较好。

Analysis of clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of 306 cases of children with acute hepatitis

ObjectiveTo study the clinical and epidemio logic characteristics of acute hepatitis cases in children.MethodsSerological markers DNA and RNA were tested by ELIS A, PCR and RTPCR respectively.ResultsThe infective rate of HAV, HBV, HCV, HEV and undefined were ~{*)~}88.2%,~{**~} 3.3%, 2.9%, 0.9% and 2.9% respectively. Superinfection rate was 19.6%. There were no significant differences between superinfection and singlein fection in ALT, AST, TBIL, PT. ConclusionHAV is still the main pathogenic factor of acute hep atitis of children in Heze area.