西安城、乡病毒性肝炎分布特点及主要流行因素的分析

<正> 病毒性肝炎是危害人类健康较严重的一种疾病,为了对本病进行更有效的防治,于1979年8月至1980年2月对西安城、乡病毒性肝炎分布情况及流行因素作如下调查研究。方法以西安城、乡及长安县各种职业人群作为本次调查的对象。以城市人口

Studies on the Characteristics of Viral Hepatitis Distribution and Its Main Epidemic Factors in Xian

In August, 1978—February, 1979, an epidemiological investigation of a total of 5,814 persons, including various professional population in the Xian urban and rural districts-was carried out. Out of 5,874 persons, 3,854 Iived in the urban district and 2,023 in the rural district. On the basis of standardized population, the morbidity rate was 1.72％, the attack rate was 1.08％, the HBsAg positive rate was 5.78％ and the anti-HBs positive rate was 1.18％. Besides, the anti-HA positive rate was 80％, indicating that viral hepatitis A and B was widely spread in the investigated areas. The HBsAg positive rate was higher in the rural district than in the urban district. In the areas of sewage irrigation, the HBsAg positive rate was the highest. The difference of the HBsAg rate between the urban and the rural districts was great in the groups of 15 years of age and below, but not significant in adults. In the people over 45 years, the HBsAg positive rate was decreased greatly. It is indicated that the carrying of HBsAg does not last all a person's life. The HBsAg positive rate was far higher in males than in females. The HBsAg rate difference in various professioalpopulation was restricted by age and place. The results of our investigation suggest that in addition to maternal fetal transmission, transmission via blood injection and mouth to mouth transmission by saliva, feces-mouth transmission route is most likely to play a role in the transmission of the disease.