背离条款和背离操纵问题探讨

本文对《１９７２年国际海上避碰规则》（以下简称《规则》）中的背离条款作了一些有益的探讨。文章通过实例以及对有关术语涵义的辨析，对采取背离行动的必要条件和时机作了具体分析，并通过图解对互见中处于交叉相遇态势船舶的应急操纵行动进行了分析比较，提出了相应的合理的背离操纵方案。

A Discussion on the Departure Article and Departure Maneuvering

This paper is about the action of departure from the rules in preventing collisions at sea. Through distinguishing some related terms of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, the authors make a concrete analysis of essential prerequisite and opportunity moment of departure. By diagrams, analysis and comparisons are made of the emergency handling of vessels in the situation of crossing within sight, and corresponding and rational methods of departure handling are given.