Empowering Stakeholders to Manage Stinging Jellyfish: A Perspective |
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| Authors: | M J Kingsford S Becken C Bordehore V L Fuentes K A Pitt A A Yangihara |
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| Institution: | 1. Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies and Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia;2. Griffith Institute for Tourism, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia;3. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio Ramon Margalef, Alicante, Spain;4. Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain;5. Griffith School of Environment and Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia;6. Bekesy Laboratory of Neurobiology, PBRC and Asia Pacific Institute of Tropical Medicine, JABSOM University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA |
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| Abstract: | A global challenge is dealing with the risk of envenomation by the stinging jellyfish. Those who are affected include: the people stung, tourist providers; diving and adventure operations, beach and park authorities, life guards, commercial marine operators as well as local and centralized government; we focus on tourism. There is a diversity of jellyfish that pose a risk and they vary greatly in their ecology. Here, we propose five eco-groups of jellyfish to assist in prioritizing estimates of the risks to a broad clientele. Eco-groups are: (1) “Pulse species” that impact on beaches for short well-defined periods; (2) “Shelf-wide species;” (3) “Nearshore species;” (4) “Drifter species” and (5) “Deep sea species.” Great spatial variation and strong seasonality in the occurrence and abundance of jellyfish is the rule, rather than the exception, and this indicates that local knowledge and preventative action is the key to reducing the risk of envenomation. Managers can take control by getting involved in: predicting risk, detecting the presence of jellyfish and advising on/or providing barriers and protection, first responses and treatment of sting victims. Good communication and record keeping is critical within the stakeholder chain. |
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| Keywords: | determining risk eco-groups jellyfish managers stakeholder-chain stings |
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