轨道交通牵引动力传动系统动力学研究综述

为了提升轨道车辆牵引动力传动系统的动态服役性能，保障服役可靠性与安全性，分析了牵引动力传动系统的动力学研究现状与发展趋势，研究了齿轮动力学、滚动轴承动力学和机电耦合效应的分析理论与研究方法，探讨了其未来的研究重点和发展方向。研究结果表明：在牵引动力传动系统动力学研究中，主要采用集总参数法进行耦合动力学建模，重点考虑齿轮时变啮合刚度和轮轨激扰等动态激励，分析齿轮传动与车辆系统的耦合振动特性；在轨道机车车辆滚动轴承动力学研究中，主要分析了轴箱轴承、电机轴承、电机抱轴承、齿轮箱轴承4种不同滚动轴承的动态特性；正在逐步深入开展基于转子动力学和机电耦合效应的机车牵引电机控制策略、谐波转矩抑制、故障激励机理及特征的研究；牵引电机、齿轮传动、轴承等关键部件的研究相对独立，未充分考虑彼此间的动态耦合关系，尚未揭示动力学相互作用机制；在前期研究基础上，今后重点关注的主要研究方向是进一步考虑整车服役环境影响，深入研究牵引动力传动系统关键零部件的动态特性、载荷识别、疲劳寿命、故障机理、故障诊断、性能演变规律与状态监测，探索新型牵引动力传动系统动力学特性。

Summary of dynamics research on traction power transmission system of rail transits

To promote the dynamic service performance of railway vehicle traction power transmission system and ensure the service reliability and safety, the current situation and development trend of dynamics research of traction power transmission system were analyzed, the analysis theory and research methods of gear dynamics, rolling bearing dynamics and electromechanical coupling effects were studied, and the future research focus and developing directions were discussed. Research results indicate that in the dynamics research of traction power transmission system, the lumped parameter method is mainly used for the coupling dynamics modeling, the dynamic excitations, such as gear time-varying meshing stiffness and wheel-rail excitation, are focused, and the coupling vibration characteristics between gear transmission and vehicle system are analyzed. In dynamics research of rolling bearing of railway vehicle, the dynamic characteristics of four rolling bearings, including axle box bearing, motor bearing, axle suspension bearing, and gearbox bearing, are analyzed. The research on locomotive traction motor's control strategy, harmonic torque suppression, and fault excitation mechanism and characteristics based on rotor dynamics and electromechanical coupling effect is gradually conducted. The studies of key components, such as traction motor, gear transmission, bearing, and other aspects are relatively independent, the dynamic coupling relationship among them has not been fully considered, and the dynamic interaction mechanism has not yet been revealed. Based on the previous research, the main research directions of the future are to further consider the impact of railway vehicle service environment, deeply study the dynamic characteristics, load identification, fatigue life, fault mechanism, fault diagnosis, performance evolution law and state monitoring of key parts of traction power transmission system, and explore the dynamic characteristics of new traction power transmission system. 4 tabs, 8 figs, 122 refs.