舰船防火设计中军民规范的差异及借用民规的舰船防火设计方法研究

从舰船舱室防火分隔的原理出发,提出了舰船防火分隔度概念,并以此比较了军民两种防火规范的差异,获得了如下结论:不同类型船舶的舱室防火分隔要求具有较大的系统差异;同一种类船舶各种舱室的防火分隔要求具有较大的个体差异;舱室的防火分隔要求受多种因素影响,但作为防火区限界面的甲板及舱壁,主要受防火因素的影响;军用舰船和载客不超过36人的客船,在舱室防火分隔度的排序上具有一致性,为军用舰船的借用提供了基础.文中建立了基于防火分隔度概念的借用设计映射方法.该方法按照各类舱室防火分隔度的排序情况,选择有类似排序的船舶,再把该类船舶中与设计舱类相近似的舱室的防火分隔度值映射到军规中去,作为军规中该类舱室的防火分隔度值.由于在军规中增加一类舱室,对各类舱室的防火分隔度值需进行修正.按设计舱类的防火分隔度值,选择与设计舱类的防火分隔度值相邻近的两类舱室作为插值的两个点.按这两类舱室的防火分隔值,插值得设计舱类的防火分隔指标值,然后查表而得设计舱类的防火分隔等级.文中用该方法对坦克舱进行了防火设计.与常规的其他四种设计方案作比较,本文方法所得到的方案是五个方案的确定的中心,兼顾了防火、经济等诸方面的需求.

Difference of Fireproofing Design Standard between Warship and Civil Ship and Reaearch of the Warship's Fireproofing Design Method by Reference to Civil Ship Standard

According to the principle of fireproofing division of ship's cabin, a new concept called as the degree of fireproofing division of ship's cabin is advanced in this paper. The difference of the degree of fireproofing division between warship and civil ship fireproofing design standard is analyzed. The follow conclusions are reached; there is much difference about the demand of the degree of fireproofing division of ship's cabin between warship and civil ship fireproofing design standard; there is also indi- vidual difference about the demand of different cabin fireproofing design in the same type ship; there are many factors that affect cabin fireproofing division designing, but the main factor is the fireproof-ing demand if the deck or cabin's wall is also the division face of main fire zone; the order of the degree of fireproofing division between the warship and the subter-36 passenger ship fireproofing design standard is the same, therefore, it is also the foundation of the performing each other's designing by reference to opposite standard. In this paper, the method that performs each other's designing by reference to opposite standard is advanced. In this scheme, the similar ship of which the degree of fire-proofing division is similar with the designing warship is selected, then the value of the degree of fire-proofing division of the cabin which is similar with the designing cabin is mapped into military standard and is appointed to the value of the degree of fireproofing division of the type of cabin in military standard. Since one type of cabin was added to military standard, the value of the degree of fireproofing division of cabin must be revised. The two points were selected to be the insert point which value of degree of fireproofing division is close to the designing cabin, and the value of fireproofing division of designing cabin can be calculated from the two selected points. Then the fireproofing division scale of the designing cabin can be checked out from the fireproofing division scale table. With this scheme, the tank cabin fireproofing design has been completed. Comparing with the four normal design schemes, the scheme in this paper is the best of the five schemes, and it satisfies the fireproofing and economical requirements.