上海市防汛能力建设调查及评价

上海位于长江入海口,低洼的地势使得上海遭受台风、暴雨、高潮、洪水(俗称“四碰头”)的袭击后易成灾,多年来上海已建设抵御灾害的防汛体系,且发挥了积极的作用。在对上海防汛能力建设体系开展调查的基础上,分析存在问题和不足。同时,结合科学的层次分析法理论构建评价指标体系,为后续防汛能力建设的进一步优化提供依据。

Investigation and Evaluation of Flood Control Capacity Building in Shanghai

By investing and sorting out the information,the common disease characteristics of the pre-stressed concrete and ordinary reinforced concrete girder bridge structures of the highways and urban roads in Shanghai are summarized.The prediction model of the technical status degenerated curve and structural status change of the hollow slab girder bridge is established by the statistical approach.The result shows that the main disease types of the hollow slab girder bridge are the concrete carbonation of the main girder,the corrosion of reinforcement,the concrete crack of the main girder,the damage of hinge joint,the comprehensive diseases of support,the destroy of expansion joint,the water seepage of pier top and the surface defect of concrete.By the end of 2014,the average value of BCI of bridge technical condition indexes in all areas of Shanghai was 92.4 and the general technical conditions were good.When the bridge ages of the pre-stressed concrete and the reinforced concrete hollow slab girder bridges are separately 20 a and 15 a,the structural degradation is Class III(Class C).