路面冻粘和疏水防冰涂层研究进展

冰和基材的冻粘存在于许多行业领域,在航空和输电线路领域中应用疏水防冰涂层已被证明是节能高效的。但是,由于路面结构和使用环境的特殊性,疏水防冰涂层很少用于道路除冰,道路除冰使用的更多的是除冰盐类物质,对环境产生很大影响。文章主要介绍了公路路面冻粘机理以及路面防冰涂层的研究进展。结果表明:路面结构和疏水性是影响路面冻粘的主要因素;路面的疏水性越大,冰粘附性越小,微纳米路面涂层具有良好的疏水性,能有效减小路面和冰之间的粘附性;但是疏水表面上的微纳米结构容易在行车荷载作用下严重消耗,同时造成路表构造深度降低,导致路面疏水防冰涂层的耐久性和防滑性不佳;因此,改善路面结构和疏水涂层的耐久性与防滑性是防冰路面的研究重点。

Advances in Research on Pavement Freeze-Stick and Hydrophobic Anti-icing Coatings

The freezing adhesion of ice and substrates exists in many industries. The application of hydrophobic anti-icing coatings in the field of aviation and transmission lines has proven to be energy efficient. However, the hydrophobic anti-icing coating is rarely used for road deicing due to the peculiarity of the pavement structure and the work environment. Road deicing uses more de-icing salts so far, which has a greatly negative impact on the environment. This paper introduces the research advance of the freezing adhesion and the anti-icing coating of highway pavement. The results show that the pavement structure and hydrophobicity are the main factors affecting the deicing performance of the pavement. Pavement with high hydrophobicity has less ice adhesion.The micro-nano pavement coating has great hydrophobicity, which can effectively reduce the adhesion between the road surface and ice. However, the micro-nano structure on the hydrophobic surface is easily consumed under the driving load, and lead to the structure depth of the road surface is reduced at the same time. As a result, the pavement hydrophobic anti-icing coating has poor durability and slip resistance usually. The research of pavement anti-icing should be focused on the improvement of the durability and skid resistance of coatings and pavement structures.