公交车辆进出停靠站对城市主干路路段的交通影响

公交停靠站对城市道路交通运行具有重要影响，尤其是车辆运行速度较快的主干路路段.以直线式、左侧港湾式、右侧港湾式停靠站为对象，利用无人机采集数据，构建影响率计算模型，研究和对比分析公交车辆进出不同型式停靠站时对主干路路段的交通影响.结果表明：受影响的社会车辆行为表现为减速跟驰、减速通过、停车等待、变换车道、借道通过 5种，以减速跟驰和变换车道为主；直线式停靠站对交通运行总影响最大；公交车辆在直线式停靠站静止停靠时影响最大，在港湾式停靠站加速出站时影响最大，且其在左侧港湾式停靠站处的停车不规范，易导致社会车辆的借道通过行为；受影响的社会车辆行为发生位置的分布亦区别较大.

Traffic Impacts of Buses' Entering and Exiting Stops on Urban Major Arterial Segments

Bus stops have important impacts on the urban road traffic operation, especially major arterial segments where vehicles run fast. Using data collected by unmanned aerial vehicles, linear, left-side harbor, and right-side harbor bus stops are investigated. The affection rate calculation model is constructed. Traffic impacts of buses’entering and exiting different types of stops on urban major arterial segments are studied and compared. Results show that affected social vehicles behave as slowing down and following, decelerating and passing, parking and waiting, changing lanes and driving on the road marking. The main behaviors are decelerating and lane change. Total impacts of the linear bus stop on traffic operation are the largest. For a linear bus stop, buses’ parking at it has the greatest impact on traffic operation; for a harbor bus stop, buses’driving out of it has the greatest impact. Moreover, buses’unregulated parking behavior at the left-side harbor bus stop will lead to driving on the road marking of social vehicles. Position distributions of behaviors of affected social vehicles are also quite different.