车身简化模型中A-立柱和后视镜风噪的试验研究

为研究车身A柱和后视镜的风噪,建立汽车简化模型。基于气动声学风洞试验,设计了外形配置不同的5种模型。以A计权声压级和语音清晰度为评价指标,对侧窗外表面、远场和车内风噪展开对比分析。结果表明:A柱涡区域内高频风噪衰减较快;方形A柱对后视镜风噪具有明显掩蔽作用;后视镜风噪中存在压力级峰值,对应特征频率随风速升高而增加;随风速升高,各模型车窗、远场和车内风噪均明显增加;偏航时,车窗风噪在全频段内表现出迎风侧降低、背风侧升高的趋势,远场风噪与车内风噪在不同频段展现相同趋势。

Experimental Study of Wind Noise on A-pillar and Rear-view Mirror in Simplified Car-body Models

For studying the wind noise on A-pillar and rear-view mirrors,a simplified vehicle model is built.Based on aero-acoustic wind tunnel tests,five models with different styling features are designed.With Aweighted sound pressure level and articulation index as the evaluation indicators,the wind noise on the surface of side window,that in the far field and that inside the vehicle are comparatively analyzed.The results show that highfrequency noise attenuates faster in the area of A-pillar vortex,and the square A-pillar has a significant masking effect on the noise on rear-view mirror.There is a pressure level peak in the noise on rear-view mirror,and the corresponding characteristic frequency increases with the rise of wind speed.As the wind speed increases,the wind noise on the windows,that in the far field and that inside the vehicle of all models increases apparently.When yawing,the wind noise on the windows shows a tendency of falling on the windward side and rising on the leeward side in the whole frequency range.The far-field noise and the interior noise show the same trend in different frequency bands.