基于熵权TOPSIS法的CFRP防撞梁轻量化研究

碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)具有轻质高强的特点,本文中基于抗撞性要求将某乘用车保险杠原钢制防撞梁替换为CFRP,并进行铺层优化设计。首先对CFRP层合板进行力学性能试验以获得材料参数,并通过三点弯曲仿真试验验证其准确性,然后根据等刚度设计原理,确定CFRP防撞梁的厚度,并通过保险杠低速碰撞有限元仿真对比分析两种材料防撞梁的抗撞性能。在此基础上,以质量、比吸能、最大侵入量和碰撞力峰值为目标,采用熵权TOPSIS方法对CFRP防撞梁进行铺层优化,确定出最优铺层方案。结果表明,在保证抗撞性能要求的条件下,优化后的CFRP防撞梁比原钢制防撞梁减轻了76.82%。

Study on Lightweighting of CFRP Bumper Beam Using Entropy-based TOPSIS Approach

In view of the excellent mechanical properties(light weight and high strength)of carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP),the original steel bumper beam of a passenger car is replaced by CFRP one,with its stacking sequence optimized in this paper.Firstly,the material parameters are obtained through the mechanical property tests of CFRP laminates,with its accuracy verified by three point bending simulation test.Then the thickness of CFRP bumper beam is determined based on equivalent stiffness design principle,and a low-speed collision finite element simulation is performed to compare the crashworthiness of steel and CFRP bumper beams.On this basis,with the mass,specific energy absorption,maximum intrusion and peak collision force of bumper beam as objectives,a stacking sequence optimization is conducted on CFRP bumper beam to determine the optimum stacking scheme by adopting entropy-based TOPSIS approach.The results show that the mass of CFRP bumper beam optimized is 76.82%less than original steel one,while ensuring the requirements of crashworthiness.