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传统的交通信号控制优化和路口几何渠化或路口扩展在现实中可能遇到许多局限。有些路口由于土地使用的限制，实际无法采用路口几何渠化或扩展的方式来缓解路口的严重拥挤的程度。交通流量转移措施也许是一个可行的方法，但其影响因素和适时方案很难依靠观测数据确定。结合观测数据，提出运用微观交通仿真的方法，判定需要转移的交通走向和选择路径，以降低路口延误和多选择路径旅行时间为目标，评价交通流量转移措施并估计转换量的最适应范围。研究以位于俄亥俄州辛辛那提地区的Galbraith Road and Colerain Avenue (US-27) 路口及其相关可选择路径作为试例，进行数据采集和分析，并运用了微观交通仿真软件VISSIM、公路通行能力分析软件HCS2000和Synchro进行微观路口延误和选择路径交通模拟评价。为提高结果的可释和易解效能，本研究提出交通转换比例、延误变化、选择路径旅行时间变化与服务水平变化的一体化曲线。评价结果显示了交通转移措施的可能效果。最后，讨论了实现交通转移的标志导向系统。

Oversaturation Inherence and Traffic Diversion Effect at Urban Intersections through Simulation

Conventional approaches of signal control optimization and geometric channelization may not be an inappropriate solution to an oversaturated urban intersection, especially where physical expansion is limited by the intensive land-use development around it. Traffic diversion strategy may be an optional solution; however, it is greatly dependant upon identification of the traffic movements that need diversion and the existence of parallel or accessible detour routes that are capable of accommodating the diverted traffic without bring adverse impact on the diversion routes. Obviously, these factors are difficult to be determined through analysis of the field observations alone. This paper presents a study of using simulation-based approach combined with analysis of observed data to indentify oversaturated intersection movements needed for diversion and test the traffic diversion effect in the roadways that have potential to bear the diverted traffic. The proposed approach is discussed through a practical case study at the intersection of Galbraith Avenue and Colerain Avenue (US-27), Ohio. The effect of such option is evaluated using a state-of-the-art microscopic traffic simulation system VISSIM, intersection analysis software programs, Highway Capacity Software (HCS 2000), and Synchro. The optimum percentage of traffic that is desired to be diverted at the inlet to minimize the delay while keeping shorter travel time is evaluated for the concerned intersection. The evaluation results imply a successful option that has great potential to put into practice. Finally, signage countermeasures are discussed for implementing the diversion strategy.