中国各气候区屏蔽门地铁站环控系统节能潜力研究

为明确地铁站环控系统各项运行措施的节能潜力，制定有针对性的节能运行方案。通过对我国各气候区的屏蔽门地铁站环控系统全年能耗进行大规模模拟，系统而定量分析常见的运行管理参数优化后的节能潜力，包括取消小新风空调的机械新风、加强屏蔽门气密性、提高站内空调温度、提高冷机COP和提高空调箱能效比。研究结果表明：对于寒冷、夏热冬冷和夏热冬暖地区的屏蔽门地铁站，环控系统节能潜力最大的优化措施是提高站内空调控制温度，各站平均节能潜力在17%～21%之间；其次是取消机械新风供应、提高冷机COP和提高空调箱能效比，相应节能潜力在12%～20%之间，各措施的节能潜力大小和排序在不同气候区之间存在差异；节能潜力最小的措施是增强屏蔽门气密性，各站平均节能潜力在1%～4%之间。综合优化上述运行管理参数，寒冷地区、夏热冬冷地区和夏热冬暖地区的典型屏蔽门地铁站环控系统的年节能量分别为22万k Wh/a、37万k Wh/a和61万k Wh/a，节能百分比分别为41%、48%和52%。研究成果可为我国各气候区屏蔽门地铁车站节能运行提供基础数据支撑。

Energy-saving Potential of Ventilation and Air-conditioning Systems of PSD Subway Stations in Various Climate Regions in China

With the rapid urbanization and proposal of carbon neutralization goals, energy conservation in subway stations has become a focus in China. To clarify the energy-saving potential of various operational measures for subway stations, large-scale simulations were conducted on the annual energy consumption of ventilation and air conditioning (VAC) systems for platform screen door (PSD) of subway stations in different climates. Based on this, the energy-saving potential of optimizing the parameters related to the leading value was systematically and quantitatively analyzed, including cancelling the mechanical fresh air supply, enhancing the PSD airtightness, increasing the air-conditioning temperature, the Co-efficent of Performance (COP) of the chiller, and the Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) of the terminal equipment. The results show that the operational measure with the highest energy-saving potential for subway stations in the studied climate regions increases the air-conditioning temperature, with an energy-saving potential ranging from 17% to 21%. The energy-saving potential of cancelling mechanical fresh air supply, increasing the COP of the chiller, and increasing the EER of the terminal equipment ranges from 12% to 20%, with differences for stations in different climate regions. The measure with the lowest energy-saving potential enhances PSD airtightness, with an energy- saving potential ranging from 1% to 4%. Moreover, by optimizing all of the above operational- related parameters to the leading value, the energy savings of the VAC system for PSD subway stations in cold regions, hot-summer cold winter regions, and hot-summer warm winter regions can be as high as 220 MWh/year, 370 MWh/year, and 610 MWh/year, respectively, with 41%, 48%, and 52% of the energy-saving potential, respectively.