污水回用深度处理中有机物对反渗透膜污染研究

应用牛血清蛋白（BSA）和海藻酸钠代表反渗透进水中的蛋白质和多糖，采用带有交互作用的正交试验分析污染因素的影响，使用环境扫描电镜和原子力显微镜对污染后的膜面进行监测．实验表明，海藻酸钠对膜污染的影响高于BSA的影响，BSA与海藻酸钠共同存在时会产生明显的交互作用，增大了有机物污染．溶液中Ca＾2＋会结合羧基官能团，以架桥作用连接有机物，能够显著影响有机物污染，Mg2＋对有机物污染的影响次之，离子强度会改变有机物的带电性，从而影响了有机物的污染．监测结果表明，有机物可在反渗透膜面形成厚密的凝胶层，引起严重的膜污染．

Fouling of reverse osmosis membrane by organic substances in advanced wastewater reclamation

Bovine serum albumin （BSA） and sodium alginate were used to represent protein and polysaccharides. Orthogonal test with function of interaction was used to analyze the effects and their synergistic actions. Furthermore, scanning electron micrograph （SEM） was used to detect the organic fouling layer on membranes. The result shows that the impact of alginate on membrane fouling is more significant than that of BSA, and the synergistic influence between them can increase membrane foul- ing notably. Membrane fouling is more severe in the presence of Ca2 ＋ compared to Mg2 ＋ because of its ability to bridge organic substances, which can result in denser fouling layer. Increasing the ionic strength can lead to weaker electrostatic repulsion and rapid fouling. The images of membrane fouling surface illustrate that the gel of organic matter is thick and dense, which induces severe membrane fouling