转辙器轨距加宽对高速道岔动力特性的影响

运用道岔系统动力学理论,考虑轨距加宽式转辙器的结构特性,建立列车/道岔耦合动力学模型,以350 km/h客运专线18号高速道岔为例,计算分析了列车以350 km/h直向及80 km/h侧向过岔时的动力特性.结果表明:转辙器轨距加宽可提高列车直、侧向过岔时的平稳性,降低直向过岔时尖轨的磨耗指数,减轻尖轨侧磨,增加尖轨开始受力截面的轨顶宽度;增大转辙器部位的动轮载、轮缘力及动应力,对尖轨受力不利;转辙器轨距加宽对列车侧向过岔的轮重减载率和脱轨系数有不利影响,对直向过岔的影响不大.因此,建议在我国350 km/h客运专线高速道岔设计中,暂不使用转辙器轨距加宽技术.

Effect of gauge widening of switch on dynamic characteristics of high-speed turnout

A dynamic coupling model of train and turnout was set up using turnout system dynamics theory.According to the model,the structure characteristics of gauge widening switch were considered.By taking a No.18 high-speed turnout under 350 km/h of the passage dedicated line as an example,the dynamic characteristics during train passing through main line at a speed of 350 km/h and passing through branch line at a speed of 80 km/h were calculated.The result shows that gauge widening of switch increases stability,reduce blade rail wear index and the wear during train passing through main line,and also increases the top width of blade rail where it are loaded.Gauge widen of switch goes against stress capability of blade rail because it increases dynamical wheel load,flange force and dynamic stress.Besides,gauge widening of switch is good for vehicle offload factor and derailment factor during trains through branch line of turnout,and has little effect on them during trains passing through main line.Therefore,it is recommend that the technology of gauge widening of switch is not adopted in high-speed turnout under 350 km/h of the passage dedicated line for the moment.