公交车驾驶人组织认同感和工作倦怠对不良驾驶行为的影响

公共交通是城市道路交通运输系统中的重要组成部分，公交车驾驶人存在的不良驾驶行为已经成为影响交通安全的最大制约因素之一，由其引发的道路交通事故给个人和社会都造成了严重损失，探索更为安全的公共交通环境显得极为重要。以公交车驾驶人为对象，探究影响公交车驾驶人驾驶行为特征的个人心理因素和组织环境因素，及其对不良驾驶行为的内在影响机制。选用工作倦怠量表（MBI-GS）、组织认同感问卷（OIQ）及驾驶行为问卷（DBQ）对844名城市公交车驾驶人展开问卷调查研究，并使用回归分析和中介检验来探究工作倦怠和组织认同感对驾驶行为的影响机制。结果表明：①32.8%的公交车驾驶人存在不良驾驶行为，错误驾驶行为显著高于违法驾驶行为。其中，在违法维度中，侵略性违法显著高于普通违法。②公交车驾驶人存在较高的组织认同感，组织认同感对不良驾驶行为具有显著的负向预测作用，对工作倦怠程度具有显著的负向预测作用；工作倦怠程度对不良驾驶行为具有显著的正向预测作用。③公交车驾驶人的工作倦怠水平在组织认同感对不良驾驶行为的影响中起到部分中介作用。该结果厘清了公交车驾驶人的工作倦怠和组织认同感对不良驾驶行为的影响机制，为进一步探究不良驾驶行为的心理干预方法提供了思路，从而达到改善城市道路公共交通安全环境的目标。

Effect of Organizational Identity and Job Burnout on Aberrant Driving Behavior of Bus Drivers

Public transport is an essential part of the urban road transportation system. The aberrant driving behavior of bus drivers has become one of the most restrictive factors affecting traffic safety. Road traffic accidents caused by bus drivers lead to serious losses for both individuals and society. Thus, exploration of a safe environment for public transport is crucial. Taking bus drivers as subjects, the present study explored the individual psychological factors and organizational environment factors affecting driving behavior. The driving behavior questionnaire (DBQ), organizational identification questionnaire (OIQ), and maslach burnout inventory-general survey (MBI-GS) were used to investigate 844 bus drivers. The results showed that:① There were 32.8% bus drivers who displayed a certain degree of aberrant driving behavior. The errors were significantly higher than violations, and aggressive violations were significantly higher than ordinary violations. ② The organizational identity of bus drivers was relatively high, and had a significantly negative prediction effect on the frequency of aberrant driving behavior and the degree of job burnout. Furthermore, the degree of job burnout had a significantly positive prediction effect on the frequency of aberrant driving behavior. ③ The degree of job burnout for bus drivers significantly and partly mediated the influence of organizational identity on aberrant driving behavior. The results suggest the influence mechanism of job burnout and organizational identity on aberrant driving behavior of bus drivers, thereby providing ideas for further exploring psychological intervention methods for aberrant driving behavior. This can improve the public safety of the traffic environment on urban roads.