驾驶模拟器运动系统对跟驰行为平稳性影响分析

跟驰过程中跟驰车速、跟车间距的波动性表征了驾驶员跟驰行为平稳性.利用8自由度高逼真驾驶模拟器,通过开启关闭运动系统构建动静态模拟器,分析运动系统对不同跟驰状态下驾驶员跟驰行为平稳性的影响.动态模拟器相对于静态模拟器对比结果表明:加速跟驰状态下,跟驰车速、跟车间距平稳性分别提高了12.5%和27.4%;减速跟驰状态下,跟驰车速、跟车间距平稳性分别提高了27.4%和22.9%;稳定跟驰状态下,在跟驰车速为10 km/h、40 km/h和80 km/h时,跟驰车速平稳性分别提高了30.7%、22.2%和17.6%,跟车间距平稳性分别提高了23.6%、37.9%和17.0%.显著性检验结果表明:在跟驰车速为40 km/h的稳定跟驰状态下,跟驰车速和跟车间距在动静态模拟下的平稳性存在显著差异;加速跟驰状态下,动静态模拟器下驾驶员跟车间距平稳性存在显著性差异;减速跟驰状态下,动静态模拟器下驾驶员跟驰车速平稳性存在显著性差异.研究成果为开展驾驶模拟实验的动静态模拟器的选择提供了参考.

The Effects of Motion System of Driving Simulation on Stability of Car-following Behavior

In Car-Following(CF) process, the variations of following speed and space are the indicators of the stability of drivers CF behavior. A high fidelity driving simulator is utilized to conduct the analysis of the differences of stabilities of drivers CF behavior between static and dynamic simulator. The static and dynamic simulator is defined by turning on and off the motion system. Compared to static simulator, the results of dynamic simulator indicate that the stability of following speed and space increases 12.5% and 27.4% respectively in the acceleration stage. In the deceleration stage, the stability of following speed and space increases 27.4% and 22.9%, respectively. In the stable CF stage, in case of following speed with 10 km/h, 40 km/h and 80 km/h, stabilities of following speed increase 30.7%, 22.2% and 17.6% respectively, and stabilities of following space increase 23.6%, 37.9% and 17.0% respectively. The significant test indicates that, in the stable CF stage with the speed of 40 km/h, the stabilities of following speed and space have significant differences between static and dynamic simulator. In the acceleration CF stage, the stabilities of following space have significant differences between static and dynamic simulator. In the deceleration CF stage, the stabilities of following speed have significant differences between static and dynamic simulator. This study provides the evidence for choosing static or dynamic simulator of driving simulation experiments.