车辆换道行为建模的回顾与展望

微观交通仿真工具在智能交通领域中发挥着越来越重要的作用,而换道模型则是微观交通仿真工具中最重要的组成部分.本文将换道模型按其应用分为自动巡航控制模型与计算机仿真模型.系统回顾了计算机仿真模型中的换道决策模型与换道执行模型.换道决策模型主要包括:规则模型、离散选择模型、人工智能模型、马尔可夫模型、生理—心理模型及生存模型;换道执行模型主要包括:运动波混合模型和元胞自动机模型.针对各个模型分别阐述了其研究对象、模型结构、参数标定及其模型的应用.最后,展望了换道行为建模未来的研究方向,为建立适合中国的换道模型提供参考.

Review and Outlook of Modeling of Lane Changing Behavior

Lane- changing models are a vital component of various microscopic traffic simulation tools, which are extensively used and playing an increasingly important role in Intelligent Transportation Systems studies. The applications of lane- changing models in this paper can be broadly classified into two groups: adaptive cruise control and computer simulation. Authors reviewed the development of the two themes of computer simulation: modeling the lane changing decision- making process (LCD) and modeling the lane changing’s impact on surrounding vehicles (LCI). LCD categorized into six groups: rule- based model, discrete- choice- based model, artificial intelligence model, Markov process models, psychological models and hazard-based survival models; LCI categorized into kinematic wave hybrid model and cellular automata model. Then, various types of object of research, model structure, parameter calibration, and related application are elaborated. Finally, development trends and research directions of lane changing models are proposed. It can provide reference for lane changing modeling of considering traffic flow characteristics in China.