船舶进出港规则对沿海进口散货港区航道通过能力的影响*

沿海散货船舶大型化,对配套的航道条件提出更高的要求,合理的船舶进出港规则对发挥航道通过能力起到重要的作用。利用计算机仿真技术,通过构建沿海进口散货港区船舶航行作业系统仿真模型,研究先来先服务规则、大船优先服务规则和船舶成簇进出港规则对航道通过能力的影响。结果表明:3种规则下,航道通过能力与服务水平均呈指数分布关系;先来先服务规则和大船优先服务规则对航道通过能力的影响基本相同;而对于港口规模大、航道通航历时长的港区成簇进出港规则要比前两种规则对应的航道通过能力高。

Influence of rules of ship entering and departure on waterway capacity in coastal import bulk port area

The widely adoption of large coastal bulk cargo carriers brings in higher requirements for matchedwaterway conditions need to be satisfied. Therefore, this paper establishes a simulation model for ships navigation system in coastal import bulk port area to study the impact of First Come First Service (FCFS), Large-tonner-ship Priority Service (LSFS) and Ship Entering and Leaving Port in Cluster (SELC) on waterway capacity. The results show that the relationship between waterway capacity and port service level is exponential for these three rules,and the impact of FCFS and LSFS on waterway capacity is basically the same. SELC improves waterway capacity of larger scale port area with longer travel time in waterway.