Comparison of the mariner Schilling rudder and the mariner rudder for VLCCs in strong winds |
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Authors: | Vishwanath Nagarajan Dong Hoon Kang Kazuhiko Hasegawa Kenjiro Nabeshima |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan;(2) Japan Hamworthy Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan |
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Abstract: | A simulation model of a very large crude carrier (VLCC) with either a mariner type Schilling rudder or a mariner rudder was developed from captive and free-running model tests. Kijima’s regression formula was used to predict the hydrodynamic hull forces on the VLCC. To simulate full-scale maneuvering at cruising speed, the constant torque operation of the main engine was assumed. Considering the higher normal lift force and maneuverability of the mariner type Schilling rudder as compared to the mariner rudder, the size of mariner type Schilling rudder is kept smaller as compared to mariner rudder. To compare the efficiency of the two types of rudder system, maneuvering simulations at constant engine torque and course-keeping simulations at various gusting wind speeds and encounter angles were carried out. Based on the simulation results, the two rudder types were compared from the viewpoint of maneuvering and fuel efficiency in windy conditions. |
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Keywords: | Mariner type Schilling rudder Constant torque operation Fuel efficiency |
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