论二手船买卖下卖方无负担保证的违反与买方的法律救济

买卖合同中,卖方除了对货物负有品质担保义务之外,还负有船舶无负担保证义务。但实践中,被出售的船舶往往存在一些无需登记,买方也很难查找到的各种负担。虽然卖方有义务赔偿买方因发生在交船前的索赔而遭受的损失,但是在买方遇到此类索赔时,可能卖方已经破产,或已宣布清盘,所谓的担保也就成为一纸空文,故买方应注意事前的防范而非事后补救,以保护自己的利益。本文从二手船买卖的特点出发,解析其特点下卖方的无负担保证义务的内容和买方可能面临的风险,以及在卖方违反其义务时买方的法律救济问题。

Discussion on Violation of No Burden Warranty of the Seller and the Remedies of the Buyer

Business contract,the seller of goods besides undertaking quality guarantee obligations,still have ship no burden warranty obligations.But in practice,being sold ships tend to have the kinds of burden without registration and the buyer is also hard to locate.Although the seller is bound to compensate buyer due to occur in before delivering the ship to claim the losses suffered by the buyer,but in met such claim,the seller may have already declared bankruptcy,liquidation,or the so-called guarantee is old parchment,so the buyer should pay attention to advance prevention rather than remedial,in order to protect their interests.Based on the characteristics of buying and selling second-hand vessel,analyzing its characteristics under the seller＇s no burden warranty obligations the content and the buyer may face the risk,and in the seller in breach of its obligation by the buyer＇s legal relief problem.