太中银铁路典型地段沙害治理效果研究

通过对太中银铁路梅花井段的沙害调查及对当地气候特点等分析,建立"因地制宜,因害设防,就地取材,远阻近固,固阻结合,工程措施与植物措施相结合,植物措施为根本"的防沙治沙原则。采取玉米秸秆高立式阻沙栅栏的阻沙措施及其与尼龙格状防沙网相结合的固阻结合措施,以及草障植物固沙带措施治理沙害。通过含水率、风速、粗糙度、输沙量、蚀积量等观测,以及对植物生长状况调查,分析评价了该区段防沙体系的防沙效果。测试结果表明,实施治理措施后沙地地表粗糙度有所提高、风速有所降低、风蚀减弱,形成了较为稳定的植物生长环境,为植物生长提供了较好的条件,植被覆盖度明显提高,沙害治理效果显著。

Control Effect on Wind-blown Sand Disaster along Typical Section of Taiyuan-Zhongwei-Yinchuan Railway

By means of wind-blown sand disaster investigation and local climate analysis, a comprehensive sand controlling principle for the Meihuajing section of Taiyuan-Zhongwei-Yinchuan Railway was established,including: adjusting measures to local condition,taking control measure corresponding to actual damage, using local material, stopping the distant wind-blown sand and stabilizing the sandy land nearby,combining the stopping measures with the stabilizing measures, combining the engineering measures with the vegetation measures,and taking vegetation measures as the priority. And then,the high-standing sand break made from corn stalks and nylon meshes was employed as the stopping-stabilizing composite measure, and the sand-stabilizing zone made from grass and vegetation was employed as the stabilizing measures. Further on,through observation on the moisture content,wind velocity,degree of roughness,sediment discharge,erosion and deposition volume,etc., and through investigation on vegetation growth circumstance,the effect of the sand control system in this railway section was analyzed and evaluated. The observation results show that: after using abovementioned controlling measures,to some extent and on the surface of the sandy land,the degree of roughness has been improved,the wind velocity has decreased,and the erosion and deposition of wind has weakened. Moreover,these control measures have provided a good circumstance for plant growth, enabling the vegetation coverage to increase obviously with significant effect on the controlling of wind-blown sand disaster.